Wicklow County Development Plan 2022–2028 – Volume 1 Written Statement

1. Page 191

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   Wicklow County Development Plan 2022-2028 Chapter 8 | Built Heritage Applications for development within the Conservation Area should contain sufficient information to allow a detailed assessment by the Planning Authority, as to the likely impacts of the proposal on the ACA. The following is a brief outline of additional information which may be submitted with a planning application that aids the assessment of the application: - fully rendered, scaled, elevation drawings; photomontages relating the proposal to its setting and material samples such as colour charts, brick and roofing materials brochures. In general, developments within the ACA should comply with the guidelines as set out in the Architectural Heritage Protection Guidelines from the Department. In an ACA, the carrying out of works to the exterior of a structure will be exempted development only if those works would not materially affect the character of the area. This is in addition to the requirement under Section 4 (1) (h) of the Planning and Development Act 2000 that for works to be exempted, they must be consistent with the appearance of the structure itself and neighbouring structures. The following ACAs have been identified and adopted throughout the County: Table 8.1 Existing Architectural Conservation Areas (Maps 8.03 A, B, C, D & E) Settlement Location Blessington Town centre Enniskerry Town centre Tinahely Town centre Dunlavin Town centre Rathdrum (1) Main Street (2) Low Town Delgany Village centre Greystones (1) Church Road (2) Killincarrig village (3) The Burnaby (4) Blacklion (5) Greystones Harbour Wicklow Town (1) Town centre2 (2) Leitrim Place (3) Bachelors Walk and Church Street (4) Bay View Road (5) Brickfield Lane Donard Village centre 2 The description of this ACA is set out alongside the Wicklow Town ACA map at the end of this chapter. This description replaces the description in the Wicklow Town – Rathnew Development Plan 2013 – 2019. For all other ACAs descriptions refer to each individual plan.183

2. Page 192

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   Wicklow County Development Plan 2022-2028 Chapter 8 | Built Heritage 8.4 Historical & Cultural Heritage Wicklow has a wealth of structures, items and places of historical and cultural heritage that do not fall neatly into the categories of ‘architectural’ or ‘archaeological’ heritage. A number of examples would be:  structures and items associated with Wicklow’s industrial heritage;  historical mining works;  Wicklow’s Military Road; and  places and items associated with local history and folklore such as mass rocks and holy wells. Industrial heritage refers to such structures as mills, watermills, windmills, roads, bridges, railways, canals, harbours, dams and features associated with utility industries such as water, gas and electricity. It is an important part of Wicklow's socio economic history and contributes greatly to the interest of the Wicklow landscape. County Wicklow has a long and rich heritage of mining, starting in the Bronze Age and continuing until the 20th century. This mining was principally for copper and lead, as well as lesser amounts of sulphur, iron, ochre, gold, silver and zinc. The main areas of mining activity were the Avoca Valley, Glendalough and Glendasan Valleys and in Glenmalure. Much evidence remains at each of these sites of former mining activity in the form of engine houses, machinery, adits, spoil heaps and drainage channels. A particularly unique piece of Wicklow heritage is the Military Road, a feat of engineering developed to open up rebel territory, previously remote and only accessible with great difficulty. This road, which ran from Rathfarnham in south County Dublin to Aghavannagh in the south of County Wicklow, and with a spur running from Glencree to Enniskerry, took nine years to complete between 1800-1809. Security was a priority and barracks were constructed along the route of the road to ensure public safety and transport security. 8.5 Built Heritage Objectives Archaeology Objectives CPO 8.1 To secure the preservation of all archaeological monuments included in the Record of Monuments and Places as established under Section 12 of the National Monuments (Amendment) Act, 1994, and of sites, features and objects of archaeological interest generally. In the development management process, there will be a presumption of favour of preservation in-situ or, as a minimum, preservation by record. In securing such preservation, the Planning Authority will have regard to the advice and recommendations of the National Monuments Service of the Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage. CPO 8.2 No development in the vicinity of a feature included in the Record of Monuments & Places (RMP) or any other site of archaeological interest will be permitted which seriously detracts from the setting of the feature or which is seriously injurious to its cultural or educational value. CPO 8.3 Any development that may, due to its size, location or nature, have implications for archaeological heritage (including both sites and areas of archaeological potential / significance as identified in Schedules 08.01 & 08.02 and Maps 8.01 & 8.02 of this plan) shall be subject to an archaeological assessment. CPO 8.4 To require archaeological assessment for all developments with the potential to impact on the archaeological heritage of riverine, intertidal or sub tidal environments.184

3. Page 193

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   Wicklow County Development Plan 2022-2028 Chapter 8 | Built Heritage CPO 8.5 To facilitate new or improved public access to and erection of appropriate interpretive signage at National Monuments, archaeological sites, castles, sites of historic interest and archaeological landscapes in State or private ownership, as identified in Schedule 08.02 and Map 8.02 of this plan, in co-operation with landowners. CPO 8.6 To protect the integrity of Baltinglass Hills archaeological landscape including identified monuments and their wider setting by resisting development that may adversely impact upon the significance and understanding of this important landscape. CPO 8.7 To support the inscription of Glendalough to Ireland’s tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site list and promote a conservation led approach to facilitating visitor access and enjoyment of this internationally significant landscape. CPO 8.8 To protect and promote the characteristics of historic towns in County Wicklow identified as zones of archaeological potential in the Record of Monuments and Places (RMP), ensuring that cognisance is given in relevant development proposals to retaining existing street layout, historic building lines and traditional plot widths where these derive from medieval or earlier origins. CPO 8.9 To protect and promote the conservation of historic burial grounds (those that are generally no longer in use but which may contain sites and features on the Record of Monuments and Places (RMP) and/or RPS) and support greater public access to these where possible. Architectural Heritage Objectives CPO 8.10 To protect, conserve and manage the built heritage of Wicklow and to encourage sensitive and sustainable development to ensure its preservation for future generations. CPO 8.11 To support the work of the National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) in collecting data relating to the architectural heritage, including the historic gardens and designed landscapes of the County, and in the making of this information widely accessible to the public and property owners. CPO 8.12 To have regard to ‘Architectural Heritage Protection: Guidelines for Planning Authorities’ (Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht, 2011) in the assessment of proposals affecting architectural heritage. Record of Protected Structures Objectives CPO 8.13 To ensure the protection of all structures, items and features contained in the Record of Protected Structures. CPO 8.14 To positively consider proposals to alter or change the use of protected structures so as to render them viable for modern use, subject to architectural heritage assessment and to demonstration by a suitably qualified Conservation Architect / or other relevant expertise that the structure, character, appearance and setting will not be adversely affected and suitable design, materials and construction methods will be utilised. CPO 8.15 All development works on or at the sites of protected structures, including any site works necessary, shall be carried out using best heritage practice for the protection and preservation of those aspects or features of the structures / site that render it worthy of protection.185

4. Page 194

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   Wicklow County Development Plan 2022-2028 Chapter 8 | Built Heritage CPO 8.16 To support the re-introduction of traditional features on protected structures where there is evidence that such features (e.g. window styles, finishes etc) previously existed. CPO 8.17 To strongly resist the demolition of protected structures or features of special interest unless it can be demonstrated that exceptional circumstances exist. All such cases will be subject to full heritage impact assessment and mitigation. Other Structures & Vernacular Architecture Objectives CPO 8.18 To seek (through the development management process) the retention, conservation, appropriate repair and reuse of vernacular buildings and features such as traditional dwellings and outbuildings, historic shopfronts, thatched roofs and historic features such as stonewalls and milestones. The demolition of vernacular buildings will be discouraged. CPO 8.19 Development proposals affecting vernacular buildings and structures will be required to submit a detailed, true measured survey, photographic records and written analysis as part of the planning application process. CPO 8.20 Where an item or a structure (or any feature of a structure) is considered to be of heritage merit (where not identified in the RPS3), the Planning Authority reserves the right to refuse permission to remove or alter that structure / item, in the interests of the protection of the County’s architectural heritage. Architectural Conservation Area Objectives CPO 8.21 Within Architectural Conservation Areas, all those buildings, spaces, archaeological sites, trees, street furniture, views and other aspects of the environment which form an essential part of their character, as set out in their character appraisals, shall be considered for protection. The repair and refurbishment of existing buildings within the ACA will be favoured over demolition/new build in so far as practicable. CPO 8.22 The design of any development in Architectural Conservation Areas, including any changes of use of an existing building, should preserve and / or enhance the character and appearance of the Architectural Conservation Area as a whole. Schemes for the conservation and enhancement of the character and appearance of Architectural Conservation Areas will be promoted. In consideration of applications for new buildings, alterations and extensions affecting Architectural Conservation Areas, the following principles will apply:  Proposals will only be considered where they positively enhance the character of the ACA.  The siting of new buildings should, where appropriate retain the existing street building line.  The mass of the new building should be in scale and harmony with the adjoining buildings, and the area as a whole, and the proportions of its parts should relate to each other, and to the adjoining buildings.  Architectural details on buildings of high architectural value should be retained wherever possible. Original features, which are important to a building’s character such as window type, materials, detailing, chimneys, entrances and boundary walls, both within and outside the architectural conservation area, should be retained where possible.  A high standard of shopfront design relating sympathetically to the character of the building and the surrounding area will be required. 3 The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage can sometimes be utilised as a source of information with regard to the architectural value of any such items or structures.186

5. Page 195

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   Wicklow County Development Plan 2022-2028 Chapter 8 | Built Heritage  The materials used should be appropriate to the character of the area. Planning applications in ACAs should be in the form of detailed proposals, incorporating full elevational treatment and colours and materials to be used.  Where modern architecture is proposed within an ACA, the application should provide details (drawings and/or written detail) on how the proposal contributes to, or does not detract from, the attributes of the ACA. CPO 8.23 To consider the designation of further ACAs for towns and villages in County Wicklow, when preparing future local plans, and as deemed appropriate. CPO 8.24 To establish, where it is considered appropriate, “Areas of Special Planning Control”, if it is considered that all or part of an Architectural Conservation Area is of special importance to the civic life or the architectural, historical, cultural or social character of a town or village in which it is situated. Historical & Cultural Heritage Objectives CPO 8.25 To protect and facilitate the conservation of structures, sites and objects which are part of the County’s distinct local historical and cultural heritage, whether or not such structures, sites and objects are included on the RPS. CPO 8.26 To facilitate access to and appreciation of areas of historical and cultural heritage, through the development of appropriate trails and heritage interpretation, in association with local stakeholders and site landowners, having regard to the public safety issues associated with such sites. CPO 8.27 To facilitate future community initiatives to increase access to and appreciation of railway heritage, through preserving the routes of former lines free from development. CPO 8.28 Any road or bridge improvement works along the Military Road shall be designed and constructed with due regard to the history and notable features of the road (in particular its original support structures, route and alignment), insofar as is possible and reasonable given the existing transport function of the road.187

6. Page 196

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   © Ordnance Survey Ireland. All rights reserved Licence number 2022/35/CCMA/Wicklow County Council Wicklow County Council Planning Department Scale 1:300,000 @A4 LegendBuilt Heritage Map No. 08.01 Areas of Archaeological Potential or Significance WICKLOW COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2022-2028188

7. Page 197

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   © Ordnance Survey Ireland. All rights reserved Licence number 2022/35/CCMA/Wicklow County Council Wicklow County Council Planning Department Scale 1:75,000 @A4 Legend Clusters of Prehistoric Hilltop Sites (500m) Built Heritage Map No. 08.01A Baltinglass Historic Landscape Prehistoric Monuments WICKLOW COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2022-2028189

8. Page 198

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   Schedule 08.01 Areas of Archaeological Potential and Significance ID Location Description 1 Burgage, Blessington Deserted Medieval Borough 2 Macreddin (Carysfort) Site of one of the few 17th century Plantation Towns established in Leinster 3 Donaghmore Deserted Anglo-Norman Borough 4 Dunlavin Example of Anglo-Norman Borough 5 Ennisboyne, Brittas Example of deserted Anglo-Norman Borough 6 Hollywood Example of deserted Anglo-Norman Borough 7 Killickabawn, Kilpedder Example of deserted Anglo-Norman Borough 8 Mulsoes Court (Powerscourt) Example of deserted Anglo-Norman Borough Powerscourt 9 Newcastle Example of deserted Anglo-Norman Borough 10 Glendalough Monastic Settlement 11 Baltinglass Hills Megalithic Hillfort Complex 12 Arklow Town Zone of archaeological potential 13 Bray Zone of archaeological potential 14 Wicklow Town Zone of archaeological potential190

9. Page 199

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   © Ordnance Survey Ireland. All rights reserved Licence number 2022/35/CCMA/Wicklow County Council Wicklow County Council Planning Department Scale 1:300,000 @A4 LegendBuilt Heritage Map No. 08.02 Major Sites of Archaeological Importance in Wicklow in State Ownership or Guardianship WICKLOW COUNTY DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2022-2028191

10. Page 200

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    Schedule 08.02 Major Sites of Archaeological Importance in Wicklow in State Ownership (O) or Guardianship (G) ID Monument Town land Monument Number Status 1 Church, Cross Aghowle 137 O 2 Piper’s stone (stone circle) Athgreaney 416 G 3 Baltinglass Abbey (Cistercian) Baltinglass East 230 O 4 Crossoona Ringfort & Ogham Stone Boleycarrigeen 418 G 5 St. Mark’s Cross Burgage More 280 O 6 Motte Castleruddery Lower 442 O 7 Stone Circle Castleruddery Lower 441 O 8 Ogham Stone Castletimon 304 G 9 Rath Turtle Moat Deerpark 662 O 10 Dwyer McAllister Cottage Derrynamuck 449 O 11 St. Valery’s Cross Fassaroe 337 G 12 Glendalough (Cathedral, Round Tower, Churches, Priory, Stone Crosses, Ringfort, hut site & cave (St. Kevin’s) Brockagh, Camaderry, Derrybawn, Lugduff 134 O 13 Church Kilcoole 267 O 14 Church Kilcroney 417 G 15 Kindlestown Castle Kindlestown 323 O 16 Motte Lemonstown 419 G 17 Wedge-shaped gallery grave (Lubbanasigha) Moylisha 368 G 18 Church (Raheen an Chluig, Bray Head) Newcourt 262 O 19 Baltinglass Hill (passage tomb & hillfort) Pinnacle, Coolinarrig Upper, Tuckmill Hills 328 G 20 Rathgal Hill Fort Rath East 422 G 21 Seefin Passage Grave Scurlocksleap 317 G 22 Castle Threecastles 491 O 23 Tornant Ringfort & Barrows Tornant Upper 531 O 24 St. Mary’s Church Woodlands 135 O192

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